The Lycoming O-360: A Comprehensive Guide

History and Overview

The Lycoming O-360 is a horizontally opposed, air-cooled, four-cylinder aircraft engine manufactured by Lycoming Engines. Introduced in 1955, it has become one of the most widely used aircraft engines in the world, powering a vast array of fixed-wing aircraft.

Specifications and Design

Cylinders: 4, horizontally opposed
Displacement: 360 cubic inches (5.9 liters)
Bore: 4.375 inches (111.1 mm)
Stroke: 3.75 inches (95.2 mm)
Compression Ratio: 8.5:1
Power Output: 145-200 horsepower
Weight: 245-275 pounds

The O-360's design incorporates a forged steel crankshaft, aluminum alloy cylinder heads, and cast iron cylinders. It features a single camshaft located in the crankcase, operating two valves per cylinder. The engine is equipped with a constant-speed propeller governor and a magneto ignition system.

Performance and Efficiency

The O-360 offers excellent performance and fuel efficiency. It produces a maximum continuous power output of 180 horsepower at 2,700 RPM. The engine has a specific fuel consumption of 0.55 pounds per horsepower per hour.

Applications

The Lycoming O-360 has been used in a wide variety of aircraft models, including:

• Cessna 150/152
• Piper Cherokee
• Beechcraft Bonanza
• Mooney M20
• Socata TB20

Certification and Safety

The O-360 is certified by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and meets the FAR 33 safety standards. The engine has an overhaul interval of 2,000 hours.

Maintenance and Repair

The O-360 requires regular maintenance and repair to ensure optimal performance and safety. Common maintenance tasks include:

• Oil changes
• Filter replacements
• Spark plug inspections
• Valve adjustments

Tips and Tricks

• Use high-quality aviation oil: Refer to the manufacturer's recommendations for the specific oil type and change intervals.
• Inspect hoses and lines regularly: Check for leaks, cracks, and chafing to prevent fuel or oil spills.
• Start the engine smoothly: Avoid over-priming or excessive cranking, which can put stress on the engine components.
• Avoid exceeding RPM limits: Operating the engine above its recommended RPM range can lead to premature wear and tear.
• Keep the engine clean: A clean engine is less likely to experience problems and will extend its lifespan.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Improper oil maintenance: Failure to change oil and filters regularly can lead to lubrication problems and engine damage.
• Ignoring spark plug inspections: Faulty or worn spark plugs can cause ignition problems and engine misfires.
• Overheating: Operating the engine at high temperatures or under excessive load can lead to overheating and damage.
• Improper propeller installation: A misaligned or unbalanced propeller can cause vibrations that can damage the engine.
• Insufficient lubrication: Inadequate lubrication can result in increased friction and wear on engine components.

How to Step-by-Step Approach to Replacing Spark Plugs

1. Disconnect the spark plug wires.
2. Remove the spark plugs using a spark plug wrench.
3. Clean the spark plug threads.
4. Apply anti-seize compound to the new spark plug threads.
5. Tighten the new spark plugs to the specified torque.
6. Reconnect the spark plug wires.

Conclusion

The Lycoming O-360 is a reliable and efficient aircraft engine that has powered countless aircraft for decades. By understanding its specifications, performance, and maintenance requirements, you can ensure that your O-360 engine operates safely and effectively.

Tables

Table 1: Lycoming O-360 Variants

Table 2: Lycoming O-360 Performance Data

Table 3: Lycoming O-360 Maintenance Intervals

Call to Action

If you own or operate an aircraft powered by a Lycoming O-360 engine, it is essential to familiarize yourself with its operation, maintenance, and safety requirements. By following the tips and recommendations outlined in this guide, you can ensure that your O-360 engine provides you with years of reliable and efficient service.