The 1935 Buffalo Nickel, a 5-cent coin with a distinctive design featuring a Native American chief on one side and a bison on the other, holds a special place in American numismatics. Its unique history, rarity, and artistic significance have made it a coveted collectible among coin enthusiasts.
The Buffalo Nickel was initially introduced in 1913 as a replacement for the Liberty Head Nickel. Designed by renowned sculptor James Earle Fraser, it depicted Chief Iron Tail of the Lakota Sioux tribe and an American bison. The coin's unique design sparked controversy initially due to its Native American imagery but gradually gained widespread acceptance.
In 1935, a series of events led to the scarcity of the Buffalo Nickel. The outbreak of World War II prompted the need for copper, a crucial component in bullet production. As a result, the United States Mint temporarily suspended the production of copper-nickel coins, including the Buffalo Nickel.
The suspension of production in 1935 created a significant shortage of Buffalo Nickels. As a result, the 1935 issue is considered one of the rarest Buffalo Nickels in circulation. Today, it is highly sought after by collectors and commands high premiums.
According to the Numismatic Guaranty Corporation (NGC), the 1935 Buffalo Nickel in Mint State (MS-65) can fetch around $1,000, while an Uncirculated (MS-67) specimen can reach $1,500.
Beyond its rarity, the 1935 Buffalo Nickel is also renowned for its artistic value. Fraser's intricate design, featuring the rugged profile of an indigenous chief and the majestic bison, has been praised for its symbolic and aesthetic appeal.
The coin's enduring popularity has led to its depiction on various commemorative items, such as stamps, medallions, and jewelry.
Story 1: The 1937 "Wrong Planchet" Buffalo Nickel
In 1937, the Mint accidentally struck several Buffalo Nickels on steel planchets intended for Lincoln Pennies. These "wrong planchet" coins are incredibly rare and highly sought after by collectors. Only five known specimens exist today, and each is valued at over $100,000.
Lesson: Mistakes can sometimes lead to valuable discoveries.
Story 2: The Buffalo Nickel and the War Effort
During World War II, the shortage of copper led to the production of "steel cents" and "nickel dimes." However, the Buffalo Nickel, despite being a copper-nickel coin, was not included in this wartime conversion. Some researchers speculate that its iconic design and symbolic value may have contributed to its exemption.
Lesson: Historical events can have unexpected consequences.
Story 3: The Buffalo Nickel and the American West
The Buffalo Nickel represents a romantic vision of the American West. However, the reality for Native American tribes was often harsh and fraught with challenges. The coin's design serves as a reminder of the complex history and diverse perspectives that shape American identity.
Lesson: Symbols can have multiple meanings and interpretations.
Table 1: Mintage Figures for the 1935 Buffalo Nickel
Mint | Mintage |
---|---|
Philadelphia | 1,406,058 |
Denver | 1,724,800 |
Table 2: Grading and Value of the 1935 Buffalo Nickel
Grade | Value |
---|---|
Good (G) | $10-$20 |
Very Good (VG) | $20-$40 |
Fine (F) | $40-$60 |
Very Fine (VF) | $60-$80 |
Extremely Fine (XF) | $80-$100 |
About Uncirculated (AU) | $100-$200 |
Uncirculated (MS) | $200-$1,000+ |
Table 3: Features of the 1935 Buffalo Nickel
Feature | Description |
---|---|
Designer | James Earle Fraser |
Weight | 5 grams |
Diameter | 21.21 mm |
Composition | 75% copper, 25% nickel |
Obverse | Profile of a Native American chief |
Reverse | American bison |
Pros:
Cons:
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