Inspecting and Replacing Nissan Altima Wheel Bearings: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

Wheel bearings are critical components in your Nissan Altima's suspension system, enabling the wheels to rotate smoothly and safely while supporting the vehicle's weight. However, like any other component, they can wear out over time and require inspection and replacement. This guide will provide you with comprehensive information on the symptoms of failing wheel bearings, the steps involved in inspecting them, and the process of replacing them in your Nissan Altima.

Symptoms of Failing Wheel Bearings

Noise

One of the most common symptoms of a failing wheel bearing is a humming or grinding noise that increases in pitch and volume as the vehicle's speed increases. This noise is usually more pronounced when turning or cornering.

Vibration

Failed wheel bearings can cause noticeable vibrations in the steering wheel, dashboard, or floorboard. These vibrations can become more intense at higher speeds or when driving on rough roads.

Steering Problems

Loose or failing wheel bearings can compromise the vehicle's steering stability, making it more difficult to maintain a straight line or control the car during turns.

Uneven Tire Wear

Premature or uneven tire wear on one or more tires can indicate a problem with the wheel bearings. The tires may wear unevenly on the inner or outer edges, or they may develop a cupping or scalloping pattern.

Inspecting Wheel Bearings

1. Visual Inspection

• Inspect the wheel hub for any signs of cracks, rust, or damage.
• Check the wheel bearing dust cap for any discoloration or tears.
• Look for any leakage of grease from the bearing housing.

2. Manual Inspection

• Jack up the vehicle and support it securely on jack stands.
• Remove the wheel to expose the wheel bearing.
• Grasp the wheel at the top and bottom and try to rock it back and forth.
• Spin the wheel by hand and listen for any grinding or rough sounds.

3. Diagnostic Tools

• Use a stethoscope to listen for abnormal sounds coming from the wheel bearing.
• An electronic diagnostic tool can be used to monitor wheel bearing vibrations and diagnose potential issues.

Replacing Wheel Bearings

Tools and Materials

• New wheel bearing assembly
• Bearing removal tool
• Hammer
• Punch
• Socket wrench
• Torque wrench

Steps

1. Safety Precautions

• Park the vehicle on a level and stable surface.
• Engage the parking brake and place wheel chocks behind the wheels opposite the one you're working on.

2. Axle Preparation

• Remove the wheel and brake caliper.
• Disconnect the ABS sensor (if applicable).
• Remove the hub nut and washer.

3. Bearing Removal

• Use a bearing removal tool to loosen the old bearing from the hub.
• Carefully pry the bearing out using a punch and hammer.

4. Bearing Installation

• Clean the hub and apply a thin layer of grease to the new bearing.
• Align the new bearing with the hub and carefully insert it into place.
• Use a socket wrench to tighten the bearing until it's fully seated.

5. Hub Assembly

• Reinstall the hub nut and washer and torque them to the specified torque value.
• Reattach the ABS sensor (if applicable).
• Reinstall the brake caliper and wheel.

6. Post-Installation Checks

• Lower the vehicle and remove the jack stands.
• Test drive the vehicle to ensure that the new wheel bearing is functioning properly.

Pros and Cons of Replacing Wheel Bearings

Pros

• Resolves the issue of noisy, vibrating, or loose wheels
• Improves steering stability and safety
• Prevents further damage to the wheel hub and other suspension components

Cons

• Requires specialized tools and mechanical expertise
• Can be a time-consuming and potentially costly repair
• May require additional parts or adjustments, such as hub alignment

Effective Strategies for Extending Wheel Bearing Life

• Regular Maintenance: Schedule routine wheel alignments and tire rotations to prevent uneven wear and stress on the bearings.
• Avoid Potholes and Impact: Driving over potholes or other road hazards can shock the wheel bearings and accelerate their wear.
• Use Quality Parts: Replace wheel bearings with high-quality, OEM-recommended components to ensure durability and performance.
• Preemptive Inspection: Periodically check your wheel bearings for any signs of wear or damage to catch problems early on.
• Proper Torque: Always torque wheel bearing nuts to the specified value to prevent over-tightening or under-tightening.

Interesting Stories

Story 1:

One driver ignored a persistent humming noise coming from their car for months. Eventually, the wheel bearing failed completely, causing the wheel to wobble violently and detach from the vehicle. Fortunately, the driver was able to pull over safely and avoid an accident.

Lesson: Don't ignore unusual noises coming from your car. They could be an indication of a more serious problem that needs attention.

Story 2:

Another driver replaced their wheel bearings with cheap, aftermarket parts to save money. However, the low-quality bearings failed prematurely, causing the driver to have to pay for another repair just a few months later.

Lesson: It's always wise to invest in quality when it comes to auto parts. Cutting corners can end up costing you more in the long run.

Story 3:

A third driver had a flat tire and noticed that the wheel bearing on the flat tire was also damaged. Instead of replacing just the bearing, the driver decided to replace the entire hub assembly. While this was a more expensive repair, it saved them the time and effort of having to press the new bearing into the old hub.

Lesson: Sometimes it's more economical and efficient to replace the entire assembly instead of just the individual component.

How to Choose the Right Nissan Altima Wheel Bearing

• OEM vs. Aftermarket: OEM (original equipment manufacturer) bearings are made to the same specifications as the original ones and offer the best fit and performance. Aftermarket bearings may be less expensive but may not be as well-made or durable.
• Quality: Look for bearings that are made from high-quality materials and have a good reputation for reliability.
• Compatibility: Ensure that the bearings you choose are specifically designed for your Nissan Altima model and year.
• Warranty: Choose bearings that come with a good warranty to protect yourself against any defects or premature failure.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: How often should I inspect my Nissan Altima wheel bearings?
A: Regular inspection intervals vary depending on driving conditions and mileage. However, it's generally recommended to inspect your wheel bearings every 30,000 to 50,000 miles.

Q: Can I replace wheel bearings myself?
A: While replacing wheel bearings can be a DIY job for experienced mechanics, it requires specialized tools and a good understanding of automotive repair. If you're not confident in your abilities, it's recommended to seek professional assistance.

Q: How much does it cost to replace wheel bearings on a Nissan Altima?
A: The cost of replacing wheel bearings on a Nissan Altima varies depending on the labor rates of the mechanic and the cost of the parts. On average, you can expect to pay between $300 and $600 per wheel.

Q: What are the potential consequences of ignoring a failing wheel bearing?
A: Ignoring a failing wheel bearing can have serious consequences, including:
- Reduced steering stability
- Increased risk of accident
- Damage to the wheel hub and other suspension components
- Premature tire wear

Q: What causes wheel bearings to fail?
A: Wheel bearings can fail due to several factors, including:
- Wear and tear
- Contamination
- Impact damage
- Overloading
- Lack of lubrication