Subaru Wheel Bearings: A Comprehensive Guide to Maintenance and Replacement
Introduction
Subaru vehicles are renowned for their reliability and durability, and their wheel bearings are no exception. These critical components play a crucial role in ensuring smooth and safe driving, and proper maintenance is essential for optimal performance. This comprehensive guide will provide you with all the necessary information to understand Subaru wheel bearings, identify signs of wear, and perform necessary replacements.
Understanding Subaru Wheel Bearings
Wheel bearings are precision-engineered components that allow wheels to rotate smoothly and freely on their axles. They consist of several components, including an inner race, an outer race, and ball bearings or roller bearings. The inner race is pressed onto the axle, while the outer race is fitted into the wheel hub. The ball or roller bearings sit between the inner and outer races, reducing friction and allowing for smooth rotation.
Subaru vehicles typically utilize tapered roller bearings in their wheel assemblies. These bearings consist of a cone-shaped inner race and a matching cup-shaped outer race, with tapered rollers positioned in between. This design provides high load-bearing capacity and durability, making them ideal for the demands of driving.
Functions of Wheel Bearings:
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Reduce friction between the wheel and axle, allowing for smooth rotation.
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Support the weight of the vehicle and absorb radial and axial loads.
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Provide stability and control during cornering and braking.
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Prevent excessive wear and damage to other suspension components.
Signs of Worn Subaru Wheel Bearings
Worn wheel bearings can manifest themselves in several ways. Being aware of these signs is crucial for early detection and timely replacement.
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Unusual noises: Worn wheel bearings often produce a humming, grinding, or growling sound that increases with speed.
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Vibration: Excessive vibration in the steering wheel, floorboards, or seat can indicate worn wheel bearings.
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Uneven tire wear: Worn wheel bearings can cause excessive wear on the inner or outer edges of tires.
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Loose or wobbly wheel: Grab the wheel at the top and bottom and try to wiggle it. Excessive play or movement may indicate worn wheel bearings.
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Increased fuel consumption: Worn wheel bearings can increase rolling resistance, leading to reduced fuel efficiency.
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ABS or traction control system activation: Worn wheel bearings can interfere with the proper functioning of these safety systems.
Causes of Subaru Wheel Bearing Failure
Several factors can contribute to the failure of Subaru wheel bearings.
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Impact with potholes or curbs: Hard impacts can damage the bearing races or rollers.
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Water and dirt contamination: Water and dirt can enter the bearing housing and cause corrosion and wear.
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Overloading: Exceeding the vehicle's weight capacity can put excessive stress on the wheel bearings.
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Lack of lubrication: Insufficient lubrication can lead to increased friction and premature wear.
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Age and mileage: As vehicles accumulate mileage, wheel bearings naturally wear and deteriorate.
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Incorrect installation: Improper installation can damage the bearings or lead to premature failure.
Importance of Subaru Wheel Bearing Maintenance
Regular maintenance is essential to ensure the longevity and optimal performance of Subaru wheel bearings.
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Regular inspections: Periodically inspect wheel bearings for any signs of wear or damage.
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Lubrication: Lubricate wheel bearings according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
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Avoid overloading: Do not exceed the vehicle's specified weight capacity.
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Proper installation: Ensure wheel bearings are installed correctly to prevent damage.
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Replace worn bearings promptly: Do not delay replacing worn wheel bearings to prevent further damage and safety risks.
Subaru Wheel Bearing Replacement Process
Replacing Subaru wheel bearings is a task best left to experienced mechanics. However, understanding the process can help you make informed decisions.
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Safety first: Park the vehicle on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and chock the wheels.
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Remove the wheel: Loosen the lug nuts and remove the wheel.
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Disassemble the brake caliper: Remove the brake caliper bolts and carefully lift the caliper off the rotor. Hang the caliper with a wire to prevent strain on the brake hose.
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Remove the rotor: Remove the rotor retaining screw and slide the rotor off the hub.
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Remove the hub assembly: Remove the hub nut and use a puller to separate the hub assembly from the axle.
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Press out the old bearing: Use a bearing press to carefully press out the old bearing from the hub assembly.
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Install the new bearing: Press the new bearing into the hub assembly using the proper tools.
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Reassemble the hub assembly: Reinstall the hub assembly on the axle and tighten the hub nut.
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Reinstall the rotor and caliper: Slide the rotor back onto the hub and secure it with the rotor retaining screw. Reinstall the brake caliper and tighten the bolts.
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Reinstall the wheel: Tighten the lug nuts to the specified torque.
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Road test: After replacing the wheel bearing, take the vehicle for a road test to ensure proper operation.
DIY or Professional Replacement?
While it is possible to replace Subaru wheel bearings at home with the right tools and experience, it is generally recommended to seek professional assistance.
Potential Drawbacks of DIY Wheel Bearing Replacement:
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Safety concerns: Working with heavy components and sharp edges requires proper safety precautions.
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Lack of experience: Incorrect techniques or overtightening can damage bearings or other components.
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Hidden problems: DIYers may not be able to identify underlying issues that require further attention.
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Warranty issues: Improper installation can void manufacturer warranties.
When to Replace Subaru Wheel Bearings
The lifespan of Subaru wheel bearings varies depending on factors such as driving conditions, maintenance, and vehicle weight. However, it is generally recommended to replace wheel bearings as soon as signs of wear appear.
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Regular replacement intervals: Some manufacturers recommend replacing wheel bearings at specific mileage intervals, typically around 60,000 to 100,000 miles.
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Signs of wear: If you notice any of the signs mentioned earlier, such as unusual noises, vibration, or uneven tire wear, it is advisable to have the wheel bearings inspected and replaced if necessary.
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Premature failure: Factors such as impact damage, overloading, or contamination can cause premature wheel bearing failure.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: What is the average cost to replace Subaru wheel bearings?
A1: The cost of replacing Subaru wheel bearings varies depending on the vehicle model, year, and location. However, expect to pay between $200 and $500 per wheel, including parts and labor.
Q2: Can I drive with a bad wheel bearing?
A2: It is not advisable to drive with a bad wheel bearing. Worn wheel bearings can lead to further damage to other suspension components, safety systems, and even tire failure.
Q3: How often should I have my Subaru wheel bearings inspected?
A3: It is recommended to have your Subaru wheel bearings inspected at least once a year or as recommended by your vehicle's maintenance schedule.
Conclusion
Subaru wheel bearings play a vital role in the overall performance, safety, and longevity of your vehicle. By understanding the signs of wear, maintaining them properly, and replacing them when necessary, you can ensure a smooth and trouble-free driving experience. While DIY replacement is possible, it is generally advisable to seek professional assistance for accurate diagnosis and expert installation. By following the recommendations outlined in this guide, you can keep your Subaru's wheel bearings in optimal condition and enjoy a safe and reliable driving experience for years to come.
